A cattle hangar is not simply a shelter. The quality of the building directly affects weight gain, milk productivity and the veterinary health of the herd. A poorly designed cowshed ends up costing far more than whatever was saved during construction.
from 6 m²
per head of cattle
in loose housing
+5...+20°C
optimal microclimate
for a dairy herd
from 40,000 ₸/m²
cattle hangar cost
with ventilation and flooring
3–5 years
payback period
for a 200-head dairy farm
Key Requirements for a Cattle Hangar
Ventilation
This is the most critical element in any livestock facility. Poor ventilation leads to ammonia from manure, elevated humidity and respiratory disease in animals.
Two options:
- Natural — through the ridge and side vents. Works with correct building proportions (width no more than 24 m).
- Forced — fans with automatic controls. More expensive, but more reliable for wide buildings.
Flooring
Concrete floor with a 1–2% slope for liquid drainage. Rubber matting or a layer of sawdust/straw is required for hoof protection and animal comfort. Wooden floors are not used: they rot and absorb manure.
Manure Removal
Scraper conveyor or gravity-flow system. This must be built in at the design stage — retrofitting later is practically impossible.
Water Supply
Heated drinkers for winter. Water points every 15–20 m.
Feed Passage
3–4 m wide for feed mixer access. Gate height — at least 4 m.
Cattle Hangar Layout Options
| Housing Type | Area per Head | Features |
|---|---|---|
| Tied stall | 8–10 m² | stalls + milking parlour |
| Loose box housing | 6–8 m² | free access to feeders |
| Deep-litter loose housing | 10–12 m² | bedding changed once per season |
The most common option in Kazakhstan is loose box housing in a metal-frame building 21 m wide.
Standards for Kazakhstan
- SN RK 3.02-24-2004 "Livestock Farms"
- Sanitary rules for cattle keeping in the Republic of Kazakhstan
- Setback requirements from residential areas (500+ m)
Construction Costs
| Herd Size | Building Area | Approximate Budget |
|---|---|---|
| 100 head | 800–1,000 m² | from 40–55 million ₸ |
| 200 head | 1,500–1,800 m² | from 75–100 million ₸ |
| 500 head | 3,500–4,000 m² | from 180–240 million ₸ |
Budget includes the frame, roofing, floors, ventilation and manure channels. Milking equipment is separate.
We design livestock complexes on a turnkey basis
We will develop the layout, calculate ventilation and provide a cost estimate for your herd size.
